MBA vs. MPA: Key Differences Explained
Choosing the right graduate program can be challenging, especially when deciding between a Master of Business Administration (MBA) and a Master of Public Administration (MPA).
Both degrees offer valuable skills but serve different career paths.
This article explains the main differences between an MBA and an MPA, helping you make an informed decision.
We will compare their focus areas, career outcomes, coursework, and more.
What Is the Difference Between an MBA and an MPA?
An MBA focuses on business management, preparing students for leadership roles in corporations, startups, or financial institutions.
An MPA, on the other hand, trains professionals for careers in government, nonprofits, and public service.
Below, we answer five common questions about MBA and MPA programs.
What Are the Career Paths for MBA and MPA Graduates?
MBA graduates often work in the private sector. Common job titles include:
- Business Consultant – Helps companies improve efficiency.
- Financial Manager – Oversees budgets and investments.
- Marketing Director – Leads brand strategies.
- Entrepreneur – Starts and grows a business.
MPA graduates usually enter public service or nonprofit roles. Popular careers include:
- Policy Analyst – Researches and develops government policies.
- Nonprofit Director – Manages charitable organizations.
- Urban Planner – Designs community development projects.
- Government Administrator – Oversees public programs.
How Does the Coursework Differ Between an MBA and an MPA?
MBA programs teach business-related subjects. Typical courses include:
- Financial Accounting
- Corporate Strategy
- Marketing Management
- Operations Management
MPA programs focus on public service and policy. Common courses are:
- Public Budgeting
- Policy Analysis
- Nonprofit Management
- Ethics in Government
Which Degree Is Better for Leadership Roles?
Both degrees develop leadership skills but in different ways.
An MBA emphasizes profit-driven decision-making. Students learn to lead teams, manage budgets, and grow businesses.
An MPA teaches leadership in public service. Graduates learn to manage government agencies, create policies, and serve communities.
What Are the Salary Expectations for MBA and MPA Graduates?
Salaries vary based on industry and experience.
- MBA Graduates often earn higher starting salaries, especially in finance or consulting. The average MBA salary in the U.S. ranges from $80,000 to $120,000 per year.
- MPA Graduates usually start with lower salaries but have strong growth in government and nonprofit roles. The average MPA salary is between $60,000 and $90,000 annually.
Can an MBA or MPA Help in Switching Careers?
Yes, both degrees can help professionals change fields.
- An MBA is useful for moving into business roles like finance, marketing, or management.
- An MPA is better for transitioning into public administration, policy-making, or nonprofit work.
The choice between an MBA and an MPA depends on your career goals.
If you want to work in business, an MBA is the better option. If you prefer public service or government roles, an MPA will suit you more.
Consider your interests, salary expectations, and long-term plans before deciding. Both degrees offer strong career opportunities in their respective fields.
